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Activation of old carbon by erosion of coastal and subsea permafrost in Arctic Siberia
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The future trajectory of greenhouse gas concentrations depends on interactions between climate and the biogeosphere1,2. Thawing of Arctic permafrost could relea... |
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What is the future of conservation?
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In recent years, some conservation biologists and con- servation organizations have sought to refocus the field of conservation biology by de-emphasizing the go... |
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Achievable future conditions as a framework for guiding forest conservation and management
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We contend that traditional approaches to forest conservation and management will be inadequate given the predicted scale of social-economic and biophysical cha... |
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The energetic implications of curtailing versus storing solar- and wind-generated electricity
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We present a theoretical framework to calculate how storage affects the energy return on energy
investment (EROI) ratios of wind and solar resources. Our metho... |
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Flow regime, temperature, and biotic interactions drive differential declines of trout species under climate change
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Broad-scale studies of climate change effects on freshwater species have focused mainly on temperature, ignoring critical drivers such as flow regime and biotic... |
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Continuous flux of dissolved black carbon from a vanished tropical forest biome
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Humans have used fire extensively as a tool to shape Earth’s vegetation. The slash-and-burn destruction of Brazil’s Atlantic forest, which once covered over... |
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Human Evolution Out of Africa: The Role of Refugia and Climate Change
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Although an African origin of the modern human species is generally accepted, the evolutionary
processes involved in the speciation, geographical spread, and e... |
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Environment, vegetation and greenness (NDVI) along the North America and Eurasia Arctic transects
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Satellite-based measurements of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI; an index of vegetation greenness and photosynthetic capacity) indicate that tu... |
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How the type of anthropogenic change alters the consequences of ecological traps
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Understanding altered ecological and evolutionary dynamics in novel environments is vital for predicting species responses to rapid environmental change. One fu... |
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Livelihood resilience in the face of climate change
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The resilience concept requires greater attention to human livelihoods if it is to address the limits to adaptation strategies and the development needs of the ... |
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Aeolian process effects on vegetation communities in an arid grassland ecosystem
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Many arid grassland communities are changing from grass dominance to shrub
dominance, but the mechanisms involved in this conversion process are not completely... |
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Identifying human influences on atmospheric temperature
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We perform a multimodel detection and attribution study with climate model simulation output and satellite-based measurements of tropospheric and stratospheric ... |
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A systems approach to evaluating the air quality co-benefits of US carbon policies
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Because human activities emit greenhouse gases (GHGs) and conventional air pollutants from common sources, policy designed to reduce GHGs can have co-benefits f... |
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Statistically derived contributions of diverse human influences to twentieth-century temperature changes
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The warming of the climate system is unequivocal as evidenced by an increase in global temperatures by 0.8 ◦ C over the past century. However, the attribution... |
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The elephant, the blind, and the intersectoral intercomparison of climate impacts
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1st paragraph: When decision makers discuss anthropogenic climate change, they often ignore the mighty elephant in the room, namely the question of what global ... |
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Four-year response of underplanted American chestnut (Castanea dentata) and three competitors to midstory removal, root trenching, and weeding treatments in an oak-hickory forest
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American chestnut (Castanea dentata) has been killed or reduced to recurrent stump sprouts throughout its range following the importation of multiple pathogens ... |
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Robust spatially aggregated projections of climate extremes
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Many climatic extremes are changing1–5, and decision-makers express a strong need for reliable information on further changes over the coming decades as a bas... |
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Civil conflicts are associated with the global climate
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It has been proposed that changes in global climate have been responsible for episodes of widespread violence and even the collapse of civilizations 1,2. Yet pr... |
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Freshwater Methane Emissions Offset the Continental Carbon Sink
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Acornerstone of our understanding of the
contemporary global carbon cycle is that
the terrestrial land surface is an important
greenhouse gas (GHG) sink (1, ... |
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METABOLISM AS A CURRENCY AND CONSTRAINT IN ECOLOGY Temperature dependence of trophic interactions are driven by asymmetry of species responses and foraging strategy
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We test for the existence of asymmetries in consumer–resource thermal responses by analy- sing an extensive database on thermal response curves of ecological ... |
